刚果河沿海区域的马莱博湖原生缸造景 19年119名

Volume: 240 L  容积：240 升
Dimensions: 120х40х50 cm  尺寸：120×40×50 厘米
List of fishes: Phenacogrammus interruptus, synodontis, Ctenopoma acutirostre, Pantodon buchholzi, Steatocranus casuarius, Gnathonemus petersii, Polypterus delhezi.
鱼类名录：断线细脂鲤（Phenacogrammus interruptus）、歧须鮠属（Synodontis）、尖吻攀鲈（Ctenopoma acutirostre）、蝴蝶鱼（Pantodon buchholzi）、狮王短鲷（Steatocranus casuarius）、象鼻鱼（Gnathonemus petersii）、多鳍鱼（Polypterus delhezi）。

List of plants: Anubias barteri var. Nana, crinum calamistratum, Bolbitis heudelotii, Nymphaea.
植物名录：小水榕（Anubias barteri var. Nana）、卷叶皇冠草（Crinum calamistratum）、非洲水蕨（Bolbitis heudelotii）、睡莲属（Nymphaea）。
Description of decorations: In the design materials were used selected in accordance with the biotope, light sand, river gravel of various fractions, pieces of lava, drowned driftwood, branches, and dry leaves.
装饰描述：造景材料均依据该生物群落特点甄选，包括浅色沙砾、不同粒径的河卵石、熔岩块、沉木、树枝以及干枯落叶。

Description of equipment: Tetra EX 1200 filter, lighting Juwel Led Day 29w 9000k, Juwel Led Nature 29w 6500k.
设备描述：Tetra EX 1200 过滤器，照明采用 Juwel Led Day 29w 9000k 和 Juwel Led Nature 29w 6500k。
Water parameters: pH 7.0, GH 10, temperature 25°С.
水质参数：pH 7.0，GH 10，温度 25°С。
Additional info: The aquarium is new, started 3 weeks ago, daily change of 30l of water.
补充信息：该水族箱为新设，已运行 3 周，每日换水 30 升。

INFORMATION ABOUT BIOTOPE
关于生物群落的信息

Description of the area surrounding the biotope: Malebo Pool is a lake extension of lower Congo above Livingston Falls, between the Republic of the Congo in the west and the Democratic Republic of the Congo in the east. It covers an area of ​​450 square km and is divided into two branches by the island of Bamu in its center. Its maximum depth is 16m, annual fluctuations in water level up to 3m. The flow of water is regular. The water is a little muddy, has a brownish tint. The flow is moderate.
生物栖息地周边环境描述：马莱博湖是刚果河下游位于利文斯顿瀑布上方的一个湖泊扩展区域，西邻刚果共和国，东接刚果民主共和国。其面积达 450 平方公里，被中心的巴穆岛分为两个支流。最大水深为 16 米，年水位波动可达 3 米。水流稳定，水体略显浑浊，呈褐色调，流速中等。

Description of the underwater landscape of the biotope: The Congo Basin extends for more than 1900 km from north to south. The river originates in the mountains and carries volcanic stones over the course. The passage of the stream through the Bateke plateau consisting of soft sandstone and an alluvial plain adjacent to the channel, consisting of unconsolidated sedimentary deposits forms a sandy bottom of predominantly light color, mixed with gravel of various fractions. Rainforests on the banks of the river determine the presence of snags and foliage.
生物群落的水下景观描述：刚果盆地南北延伸超过 1900 公里。该河发源于山区，沿途携带火山岩。河流流经由软砂岩构成的巴特克高原，以及毗邻河道、由未固结沉积物组成的冲积平原，形成了以浅色为主的沙质河床，并混杂着各种粒径的砾石。河岸上的热带雨林决定了水中存在沉木和落叶。

Description of the parameters of the habitat: pH range: 6.0-8.0; dH range: 5 – 19. Tropical; 24°C – 28°C.
栖息地参数描述：pH 范围：6.0-8.0；dH 范围：5–19。热带气候；水温 24°C–28°C。

List of fishes and invertebrates occurring in the nature biotope: Synodontis decorus,Steatocranus casuarius, Phenacogrammus interruptus,Polypterus delhezi,Polypterus ornatipinnis,Myomyrus pharao,Distichodus lusosso,Phenacogrammus interruptus, synodontis, Ctenopoma acutirostre, Pantodon buchholzi, Steatocranus casuarius, Gnathonemus petersii, Polypterus delhezi,Tetraodon mbu,Channallabes apus,Parauchenoglanis monkei.
自然生物群落中出现的鱼类和无脊椎动物名录：装饰歧须𬶏（Synodontis decorus）、驼背丽鱼（Steatocranus casuarius）、中断霓虹脂鲤（Phenacogrammus interruptus）、德尔赫兹多鳍鱼（Polypterus delhezi）、饰鳍多鳍鱼（Polypterus ornatipinnis）、法老象鼻鱼（Myomyrus pharao）、卢索斯复齿脂鲤（Distichodus lusosso）、中断霓虹脂鲤（Phenacogrammus interruptus）、歧须𬶏属（synodontis）、尖吻攀鲈（Ctenopoma acutirostre）、蝴蝶鱼（Pantodon buchholzi）、驼背丽鱼（Steatocranus casuarius）、彼得氏象鼻鱼（Gnathonemus petersii）、德尔赫兹多鳍鱼（Polypterus delhezi）、姆布河豚（Tetraodon mbu）、无足鳗鲇（Channallabes apus）、蒙克副沟鲇（Parauchenoglanis monkei）。

List of plants found in the nature biotope: Anubias, Crinum, Bolbitis heudelotii, Nymphaea, Pistia.
自然生物群落中发现的植物名录：水榕属（Anubias）、文殊兰属（Crinum）、赫氏波叶海菜花（Bolbitis heudelotii）、睡莲属（Nymphaea）、大薸（Pistia）。

Threats to the ecology: Deforestation of the tropical rainforest of the Congo. In the valley of the Congo River, huge tropical forests grow, the second largest after the Amazonian. The destruction of such forests will change the climate of the entire planet, and not just a separate ecosystem of the river, and our generation will notice these changes. According to the joint research center of the European Commission, only in the period 2000-2010 the Congo basin lost 2 thousand square km annually. Marshes are drained to build roads, more forests are being cut down for farming, which leads to soil erosion and a change in the river’s coastline.
生态面临的威胁：刚果热带雨林的砍伐。在刚果河谷，生长着仅次于亚马逊的世界第二大热带森林。此类森林的破坏将改变整个星球的气候，而不仅仅是河流这一独立生态系统，我们这一代人就将目睹这些变化。据欧盟委员会联合研究中心的数据，仅在 2000 至 2010 年间，刚果盆地每年就损失了 2000 平方公里的森林。沼泽被排干以修建道路，更多森林被砍伐用于农耕，这导致土壤侵蚀并改变了河流的海岸线。