斯里兰卡因吉里亚卡卢河支流濒危物种栖息地原生缸造景 22年45名

Volume of aquarium: 225 litres
水族箱容量：225 升

Dimensions of aquarium: 100 cm x 50 cm x45 cm
水族箱尺寸：100 厘米 x 50 厘米 x 45 厘米

List of fishes: Lepidocephalichthys jonklaasi, Puntius nigrofasciata, Puntius martenstyni, Paracanthocobitis urophthalma, Schistura madhavai, Schistura notostigma, Systomus pleurotaenia, Aplocheilus dayi, Pseudosphromenus cupanus, Paludomas loricatus
鱼类名录：Lepidocephalichthys jonklaasi、Puntius nigrofasciata、Puntius martenstyni、Paracanthocobitis urophthalma、Schistura madhavai、Schistura notostigma、Systomus pleurotaenia、Aplocheilus dayi、Pseudosphromenus cupanus、Paludomas loricatus

List of plants: Aponogeton Sp., Legenandra Sp.
植物列表：Aponogeton 属、Legenandra 属

Description of Decorations and Substrate: Sand,gravel, pebbles and stones collected from river basins have been added to represent the natural environment. Collected leaves of trees surrounding streams and decomposed plant matter were added to provide more vibrant look.
装饰与底砂描述：添加了从河床采集的沙子、砾石、鹅卵石和石块，以还原自然环境。同时加入了溪流周边树木的落叶及腐烂的植物残体，使景观更具生机。

Description of Equipment: External Filter 360 litres per hour
设备描述：外置过滤器，流量为每小时 360 升
Light System Flood lights 25watt 3000k 10watt 6500k
照明系统：泛光灯，25 瓦 3000K 与 10 瓦 6500K

Water Parameters: pH 6.5  水质参数：pH 6.5
TDS 180
Temperature 24 Celcius  温度 24 摄氏度

Additional Info: 30% weekly water changes are performed. Cherry & Black Ruby Barbs were naturally bred within this biotope aquarium.
补充信息：每周进行 30% 的换水。樱桃鲫和黑红宝石鲫在此生物群落水族箱中自然繁殖。

Description of the Area Surrounding the Biotope: Kalu River originates from Sri Padaya and reaches sea at Kaluthara after traversing around 80 miles.It covers around 2766 km2 and it’s headwater streams are located in rain forests such as Sinharaja Reserve. Ingiriya is situated near the border of Western province and Sabaragamuwa province.Basically the area is full of lone mountains and the east border contains more mountain characteristics.The highest land of the area is Madakada Giranchi Mountain which is 1165ft in height.The Eduragala Mountain is over 700ft in height. The Eastern part contains mountains over 500ft but the 60% of the whole land is plain.The Kalu River flows along the southern border of Ingiriya and many streams flow through various places of the zone to Kalu River. From eastern part is flows as Nambapana Stream and the largest stream of the area Mawak Oya starts from north and flows along the west side and connects to the Kalu River in South.These are the natural habitat.
生物群落周边区域描述：卡卢河发源于斯里帕达亚山，流经约 80 英里后在卡卢塔拉注入海洋。其流域面积约 2766 平方公里，源头溪流位于辛哈拉加保护区等热带雨林中。因吉里亚地处西部省与萨巴拉加穆瓦省的交界地带。该区域总体上群山孤立，东部边界山地特征更为显著。区域内最高峰为马达卡达·吉兰奇山，海拔 1165 英尺；埃杜拉加拉山海拔超过 700 英尺。东部地区分布着多座海拔逾 500 英尺的山峰，但全境 60% 为平原。卡卢河沿因吉里亚南部边界流淌，众多溪流贯穿该区域各地汇入卡卢河。其中，南巴帕纳溪自东部流出，而区域内最大的溪流马瓦克奥亚则发源于北部，沿西侧流淌，最终在南部汇入卡卢河。这些构成了当地的自然栖息地。

Description of the Underwater Landscape of the Biotope: The Substrate consists of sand,gravel,pebbles and stones of various consistency.Larger stones are predominantly brownish although sand and gravel are yellowish red in color. As stream passes through thick vegetation. There are leaf litter and decomposed plant matter present in bottom. Root systems of surrounding trees near stream banks can be found.
生物群落水下景观描述：底质由不同质地的沙子、砾石、鹅卵石和石块组成。较大的石块多呈褐色，而沙子和砾石则呈黄红色。溪流穿过茂密的植被，底部可见落叶层和腐烂的植物残体，溪岸附近还能发现周围树木的根系。

Description of the Habitat Parameters: Water is semi opaque.
栖息地参数描述：水体呈半浑浊状。
The average temperature ranges from 22 to 28 celcius and pH ranges from 6.5 to 7.8. TDS ranges from 160 to 220.
平均水温介于 22 至 28 摄氏度之间，pH 值范围为 6.5 至 7.8，总溶解固体（TDS）介于 160 至 220 之间。

List of Fishes and Invertebrates Occurring in the Nature Biotope: Garra ceylonensis
自然生境中出现的鱼类和无脊椎动物名录：锡兰墨头鱼
Lepidocephalichthys jonklaasi (EN)
乔氏鳅（濒危）
Puntius nigrofasciata  黑带无须魮
Puntius martenstyni  马滕斯廷无须魮
Paracanthocobitis urophthalma
眼斑副棘鳅
Schistura madhavai  马德哈瓦南鳅
Schistura notostigma  黑点南鳅
Systomus pleurotaenia  侧带无须魮
Anguilla nebulosa  云纹鳗鲡
Clarias brachysoma  短身胡鲶
Heteropneustes fossilis  异鳃鲶（Heteropneustes fossilis）
Schismatogobius deraniyagalai Sicyopterus griseus
德拉尼亚加拉裂唇虎鱼 灰溪鳢
Sicyopus jonklaasi  琼克拉斯溪鳢
Puntius chola  波鱼（Puntius chola）
Puntius dorsalis  背斑波鱼（Puntius dorsalis）
Paludomas loricatus  帕卢多马斯甲鲶（Paludomas loricatus）

List of Plants Found in the Nature Biotope: Aponogeton Sp.
自然生境中发现的植物列表：水蕹属（Aponogeton Sp.）
Cryptocoryne Sp.  隐棒花属（Cryptocoryne Sp.）
Legenandra Sp.  水蕹属（Legenandra Sp.）

Threats to the Ecology of the Biotope: This aquarium was set up to bring the attention of the public about the natural habitat of endangered endemic freshwater fish species and due to habitat destruction caused by human activities such as construction projects, waste disposal,illegal trafficking of rare species and overall environmental pollution. This habitat represent the natural breeding ground for over 20 endemic fish species in which some of them are endangered and can be at a risk of extinction if not conserved in their natural habitat.
对该生境生态的威胁：设立此水族箱旨在唤起公众对濒危特有淡水鱼类自然栖息地的关注。由于人类活动（如建设工程、废弃物处置、珍稀物种非法贸易以及整体环境污染）导致的栖息地破坏，这些鱼类的生存正面临严峻挑战。该栖息地是 20 多种特有鱼类的天然繁殖场，其中部分物种已处于濒危状态，若不在其自然栖息地加以保护，将面临灭绝风险。