菲律宾巴坦加斯省塔阿尔湖近湾区的浅水域原生缸造景 19年第131名

Volume: 187 L  容积：187 升
Dimensions: 120x40x40 cm  尺寸：120x40x40 厘米
List of fishes: Amphilophus labiatus, Nandopsis tetracanthus, Cincelichthys bocourti
鱼类列表：Amphilophus labiatus, Nandopsis tetracanthus, Cincelichthys bocourti
List of plants: Bouteloua dactyloides, Centella asiatica
植物列表：Bouteloua dactyloides, Centella asiatica
Description of decorations: i use silica sand for my substrate with a bit of mud , dead woods in bothe corner of the tank to imitate nature. River boulders that i collected.
装饰描述：底砂我使用了硅砂并混合了少许泥土，在鱼缸的两个角落放置了枯木以模仿自然景观。此外还使用了我收集的河流圆石。
Description of equipment: Regent r-6000 liquid filter, NXLED led light 20w, sponge filter
设备描述：Regent r-6000 液体过滤器，NXLED 20w LED 灯，水妖精过滤器

Water parameters: 79°F (26°C).,pH: 7.5, Hardness: 10°H
水质参数：79°F (26°C)，pH：7.5，硬度：10°H
Temperature: 73-79°F (23-26°C).,pH: 6.0-7.8, Hardness: 4-15°H
温度：73-79°F (23-26°C)，pH：6.0-7.8，硬度：4-15°H
Additional info: Unlike Crater Lake, Taal Lake was once part of the ocean—it was an arm of Balayan Bay, which opens to the South China Sea. It’s not unheard of for bays to become lakes. After the last Ice Age, for example, it took centuries for the earth to rebound to its pre-glacier elevations in many places. Even Lake Ontario was part of the Atlantic Ocean for a while. But Taal Lake was part of the ocean just a few hundred years ago! During the 18th century, a series of eruptions filled in the entrance to the inlet, isolating it from the ocean except for one narrow river.
补充信息：与火口湖不同，塔阿尔湖（Taal Lake）曾是海洋的一部分——它是巴拉扬湾（Balayan Bay）的一个分支，直通南海。海湾演变为湖泊并非闻所未闻。例如，在末次冰期之后，许多地方的地壳花费了几个世纪才反弹回冰川前的海拔高度。甚至安大略湖也曾一度是大西洋的一部分。但塔阿尔湖在几百年前还是海洋的一部分！在 18 世纪，一系列火山喷发填埋了海湾的入口，使其与海洋隔绝，仅剩一条狭窄的河流相连。

Unlike Crater Lake, Taal Lake was once part of the ocean—it was an arm of Balayan Bay, which opens to the South China Sea. It’s not unheard of for bays to become lakes. After the last Ice Age, for example, it took centuries for the earth to rebound to its pre-glacier elevations in many places. Even Lake Ontario was part of the Atlantic Ocean for a while. But Taal Lake was part of the ocean just a few hundred years ago! During the 18th century, a series of eruptions filled in the entrance to the inlet, isolating it from the ocean except for one narrow river.
与火山口湖（Crater Lake）不同，塔尔湖（Taal Lake）曾是海洋的一部分——它是巴拉扬湾（Balayan Bay）的一个分支，直通南海。海湾演变为湖泊并非闻所未闻。例如，在末次冰期之后，许多地方的陆地花费了几个世纪才反弹回冰川前的海拔。甚至安大略湖也曾一度是大西洋的一部分。但塔尔湖在几百年前还是海洋的一部分！在 18 世纪，一系列火山喷发填埋了海湾的入口，使其与海洋隔绝，仅剩一条狭窄的河流相连。

INFORMATION ABOUT BIOTOPE
生境信息

Description of the area surrounding the biotope: The breathtaking scenery at Taal Lake, on the Philippine island of Luzon, makes it one of the country’s most popular tourist destinations. Located just thirty miles from Manila, Taal is the Philippines’ equivalent to Oregon’s famous Crater Lake, because it fills the caldera of a massive prehistoric volcano. But its geologic history is even more bizarre than that of its Oregonian cousin. Rainfall over the past three hundred years has diluted the salinity of the lake water, but that was enough time for many of its fishy residents to adapt to the new surroundings. As a result, Taal Lake is home to some unique fauna, including one of the only two known species of sea snakes that can live in freshwater. Until it was hunted to extinction in the 1930s, a population of sharks even made its home in the lake!
生物群落周边环境描述：位于菲律宾吕宋岛的塔尔湖风景如画，是该国最受欢迎的旅游目的地之一。塔尔湖距离马尼拉仅 30 英里，因其填满了史前巨大火山的火山口，被誉为菲律宾版的俄勒冈州火山口湖。但它的地质历史比它的俄勒冈“亲戚”还要离奇。过去三百年的降雨稀释了湖水的盐度，但这足以让其中的许多鱼类居民适应新环境。因此，塔尔湖拥有一些独特的动物群，包括已知仅有的两种能在淡水中生存的海蛇之一。直到 20 世纪 30 年代因捕猎而灭绝之前，湖中甚至曾栖息着一群鲨鱼！

Description of the underwater landscape of the biotope: Taal lake is a protected area in the Philippines due to it’s active volcano.underwater landscape in the near area surrounding the volcano wasmurky and has a rocky substrate. near the bay area are more sandy .
生物群落水下景观描述：由于拥有活火山，塔尔湖是菲律宾的保护区。火山周边近水域的水下景观较为浑浊，基质多为岩石；而靠近湾区的区域沙质则更多。

Description of the parameters of the habitat: Stable water temperatures were observed at Taal Lake during the 12-month period of monitoring. The average recorded temperature is 26.15oC. The increase in temperature during Hot Dry Season is minimal and conforms to the standard set by DENR-EMB since there has not been a recorded increase of more than 3oC compared with the ambient temperature. In general, the increase in temperature in the Taal Lake for the whole year did not affect its situation since no irregularities have been monitored like degrading of environment.
栖息地参数描述：在为期 12 个月的监测期间，观察到塔尔湖的水温保持稳定。记录的平均温度为 26.15℃。干热季节的温度升幅极小，符合 DENR-EMB 设定的标准，因为与环境温度相比，记录的升幅未超过 3℃。总体而言，塔尔湖全年的温度升高并未影响其生态状况，因为未监测到环境退化等异常情况。
Temperature between 17-25 , pH between 4-6 , Total hardness 12-14 , Alkalimetric title between 13-18
温度介于 17-25 ℃，pH 值介于 4-6，总硬度 12-14，碱度滴定值介于 13-18

List of fishes and invertebrates occurring in the nature biotope: Oreochromis niloticus, Amphilphus Labiatus, Parachromis Managuense
自然生物群落中的鱼类和无脊椎动物列表：Oreochromis niloticus、Amphilphus Labiatus、Parachromis Managuense

List of plants found in the nature biotope: Caesalpiniaceae trees. Burseraceae sp
自然生物群落中的植物列表：Caesalpiniaceae 树木、Burseraceae sp

Threats to the ecology: Despite the national government’s declaration of the Taal Lake as protected area, number of illegal fish cages continue to increase. Approximately, there are 9,000 fish cages that contribute to its degradation (PCIJ, 2008). Likewise, some native fishes disappeared, the scenic view of the Lake is blocked, and its nature reserve put at risk.
生态威胁：尽管国家政府已宣布塔尔湖（Taal Lake）为保护区，但非法鱼笼的数量仍在持续增加。据估计，约有 9,000 个鱼笼导致了湖泊生态的退化（PCIJ, 2008）。同样，一些原生鱼类已经消失，湖泊的自然景观遭到遮挡，其自然保护区也面临风险。