Volume: 126 L 容积：126 升
Dimensions: 75x40x40 cm 尺寸：75x40x40 厘米
List of fishes: Pearl Gourami (Trichopodus leerii), Harlequin rasbora (Trigonostigma heteromorpha)
鱼类名录：珍珠毛足鲈（Trichopodus leerii）、三角波鱼（Trigonostigma heteromorpha）
List of plants: Algae (unknown species), Dead leaves (Macaranga sp. and Catappa sp.).
植物列表：藻类（未知物种）、枯叶（马占相思属和榄仁树属）。
Description of decorations: The floor was similar type of soil with half decomposed bog woods, new dead branches and Catappa and Macaranga leaves. The colour of the water are very similar to those found in the nature biotope due to tannin provided by the dead leaves.
装饰描述：底部铺设了同类土壤，并配有半分解的沼泽沉木、新落的枯枝以及榄仁树和马占相思的落叶。由于枯叶释放的单宁酸，水体颜色与自然生境中的极为相似。
Description of equipment: Filter: Ejet 3368
设备描述：过滤器：Ejet 3368
Light: Chihiros A601 照明：Chihiros A601
Water parameters: Temperature is 28°C, pH is 5.8, kH 3 and GH 4.
水质参数：温度 28°C，pH 5.8，kH 3，GH 4。
Additional info: 30% weekly water changes. Adding dried catappa and macaranga leaves once the old one started to decompose.
补充信息：每周换水 30%。待旧的榄仁叶和麻风桐叶开始分解后，即添加新的干燥叶片。
INFORMATION ABOUT BIOTOPE
关于生物群落的信息
Description of the area surrounding the biotope: This aquarium was set up based on the shallow peat swamp near Tanjung Malim, Perak, Malaysia. Malaysia’s peat swamps not only contain unique ecosystems that accommodate many endemic species but also provide sanctuary for viable populations. The water is typically stained darkly with humic acids and other chemicals released by decaying organic materials that formed when plant material is inhibited from decaying fully by the acidic conditions and an absence of microbial activity. In unaltered habitats, the dense canopy of branches above provide very little light penetrates the surface of such environments, and riparian vegetation also tends to grow thickly.
生物栖息地周边环境描述：本水族箱的布景灵感来源于马来西亚霹雳州丹绒马林附近的浅层泥炭沼泽。马来西亚的泥炭沼泽不仅拥有容纳众多特有物种的独特生态系统，也为可存续的种群提供了庇护所。水体通常因腐殖酸及其他化学物质而呈深褐色，这些物质源自有机物的分解；而在酸性条件及微生物活动匮乏的环境中，植物残体无法完全腐烂，从而形成了此类物质。在未受干扰的自然栖息地中，上方浓密的树冠使极少光线能穿透至水面，河岸植被也往往生长得十分茂密。
Description of the underwater landscape of the biotope: The black water swamp are waterlogged forests growing on a layer of dead leaves and plant material up to 20 meter thick. The swamps are maintained either by direct rainfall or by groundwater, which common in tropical regions with high rainfall like Malaysia. This produce slow-moving, well-shaded and shallow water (about 3 meter deep) habitats. The floor contains lots of bog woods and leaves, half decomposed.
生物群落的水下景观描述：黑水沼泽是积水森林，生长在厚达 20 米的枯叶和植物残体层上。这些沼泽由直接降雨或地下水维持，这在马来西亚等降雨量高的热带地区很常见。由此形成了水流缓慢、遮荫良好且水深较浅（约 3 米）的栖息地。底部遍布大量半分解的沼泽沉木和落叶。
Description of the parameters of the habitat: Habitats is highly acidic tea-coloured water of between pH 3.5 to 6. Well shaded shallow waters, which temperature range between 22°C to 28°C. Water hardness below 50 ppm and conductivity about 145 mV.
栖息地参数描述：栖息地为酸性极强的茶色水体，pH 值介于 3.5 至 6 之间。水域遮荫良好且水浅，温度范围为 22°C 至 28°C。水的硬度低于 50 ppm，电导率约为 145 mV。
List of fishes and invertebrates occurring in the nature biotope: Chocolate Gourami (Sphaerichthys osphromenoides), ‘Pentazona’ Barb (Desmopuntius hexazona), Harlequin (Trigonostigma heteromorpha), Glowlight Rasbora (Trigonopoma pauciperforatum), Licorice Gourami (Parosphromenus harveyi), Giant Pikehead (Luciocephalus pulcher), Leaffish (Nandus nebulosus), Dwarf Rasbora (Boraras maculatus), Betta Livida, Brilliant Rasbora (Rasbora einthovenii), Pearl Gourami (Trichopodus leerii), Bangka Snakehead (Channa bankanensis), Croaking Gourami (Trichopsis vittata).
自然生境中出现的鱼类和无脊椎动物名录：巧克力斗鱼（Sphaerichthys osphromenoides）、“五带”鲃（Desmopuntius hexazona）、三角灯鱼（Trigonostigma heteromorpha）、霓虹波鱼（Trigonopoma pauciperforatum）、甘草斗鱼（Parosphromenus harveyi）、大尖头鱼（Luciocephalus pulcher）、叶形鱼（Nandus nebulosus）、矮波鱼（Boraras maculatus）、贝塔利维达斗鱼（Betta Livida）、亮彩波鱼（Rasbora einthovenii）、珍珠斗鱼（Trichopodus leerii）、邦加鳢（Channa bankanensis）、鸣叫斗鱼（Trichopsis vittata）。
List of plants found in the nature biotope: Cryptocoryne minima, Blyxa (auberti, japonica), Barclaya motleyi, Eleocharis sp., Utricularia gibba, Limnophila sessiliflora, Nepenthes mirabilis, Pandanus amaryllifolius and Lemna minor. Land vegetation near the swamp like Macarange sp. trees.
自然生境中发现的植物名录：迷你水榕（Cryptocoryne minima）、苦草属（auberti、japonica）、芭克莱亚（Barclaya motleyi）、针蔺属（Eleocharis sp.）、狸藻（Utricularia gibba）、轮叶节节菜（Limnophila sessiliflora）、奇异猪笼草（Nepenthes mirabilis）、香兰叶（Pandanus amaryllifolius）以及浮萍（Lemna minor）。沼泽附近的陆地植被包括马卡兰加属（Macarange sp.）树木。
Threats to the ecology: The aquarium was set up to attract international attention to the problem of rapid reduction of peat swamp forest, particularly in Peninsular Malaysia.
生态面临的威胁：设立该水族箱旨在引起国际社会对泥炭沼泽森林迅速减少问题的关注，尤其是在马来半岛地区。
Nearly 60 per cent of Malaysia, or about 19.5 million hectares, is under forest cover of one type or another. Peat swamp forests constitute a significant component of this cover with an estimated 1.54 million hectares still remaining. More than 70 per cent of these peat swamp forests are in Sarawak, less than 20 per cent in Peninsular Malaysia and the remainder in Sabah. Large areas of peat swamp forest in Malaysia have already been cleared and drained for agriculture, settlement and other human activities, but such changes completely alter the landscapes and eliminate many of the specialized flora and fauna associated with these wetlands.
马来西亚近 60% 的国土（约 1950 万公顷）被各类森林覆盖。其中，泥炭沼泽森林是重要组成部分，估计仍有 154 万公顷存续。这些泥炭沼泽森林中，超过 70% 位于砂拉越，马来半岛不足 20%，其余则在沙巴。马来西亚大片泥炭沼泽森林已被开垦并排水，用于农业、定居点及其他人类活动，但此类改变彻底重塑了地貌，并导致许多与这些湿地相关的特有动植物消失。
Conserving the forests is crucial not only to ensure sustainable and protection of endangered species, but also to maintain environmental stability.
保护森林不仅对确保可持续发展和濒危物种保护至关重要，也是维持环境稳定的关键。
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