Volume: 96 L 容积：96 升
Dimensions: 80×30×40 cm 尺寸：80×30×40 厘米
List of fishes: Fishs: Celestichthys erithromicron and Sawbwa resplendens
鱼类名录：鱼类：红尾波鱼（Celestichthys erithromicron）和萨氏波鱼（Sawbwa resplendens）
Invertebrates: Taia naticoides, Brotia herculea, Indoplanorbis exustus, Melanoides tuberculata, Corbicula fluminea
无脊椎动物：Taia naticoides、Brotia herculea、Indoplanorbis exustus、Melanoides tuberculata、Corbicula fluminea
List of plants: Hydrocotyle sp., Nymphoides hydrophylla, Rotala rotundifolia, Ludwigia repens, Spirodela polyrhiza, Salvinia cucullata, Utricularia gibba, Fissidens fontanus, Colocasia esculenta, Ipomoea aquatica.
植物列表：水鳖属（Hydrocotyle sp.）、水禾叶菜（Nymphoides hydrophylla）、圆叶节节菜（Rotala rotundifolia）、匍匐丁香蓼（Ludwigia repens）、多根浮萍（Spirodela polyrhiza）、帽状槐叶蘋（Salvinia cucullata）、弯距狸藻（Utricularia gibba）、泉藓（Fissidens fontanus）、芋（Colocasia esculenta）、空心菜（Ipomoea aquatica）。
Description of decorations: At the right of the tank, two pieces of bogwood and several branches of
装饰描述：在鱼缸右侧，有两块沉木和几根树枝
corkscrew willow mimic an old decaying stump. The huge taro tuber is hidden behind the bogwood. On the right, some clear rocks mimic the limestone blocks found in the Shan Hills. Both wood and stones from the tank are replicated, but bigger, behind the glass, to add depth in addition to a blue-green background. The substrate is fine river sand “sable de Loire” dirted with some Aquabasis Plus. Some Corbicula fluminea and Brotia herculea shells are displayes on it.
垂柳模仿着一根古老腐朽的树桩。巨大的芋头块茎被隐藏在沉木之后。右侧，几块清澈的岩石模仿着掸邦高原上常见的石灰岩块。缸内的木材和石材均在玻璃后方以更大的尺寸复刻，配合蓝绿色背景，进一步营造景深感。底床采用细河沙”卢瓦尔沙”（sable de Loire），并混入少量 Aquabasis Plus 基底肥。其上陈列着若干河蚬（Corbicula fluminea）与赫氏螺（Brotia herculea）的贝壳。
Description of equipment: A single DIY 1055lm LED spot lights the aquarium above the center, causing the plants to converge to it. A small heater is adjusted to 25°C on winter. There is no filter or pump, the nitrogen waste is consumed by the plants.
设备描述：一盏自制的 1055 流明 LED 射灯从水族箱正上方进行照明，促使植物向光源处生长。冬季时，小型加热器设定为 25°C。未使用过滤器或水泵，含氮废物由植物吸收消耗。
Water parameters: Temperature is above 25°C in winter and equal to room’s temperature the rest of the year. The pH is stable between 7 to 7.5. Du to artificial periods of slight drought and rain the conductivity is variable, but kept above 50µS/cm.
水质参数：冬季水温高于 25°C，其余时间则与室温一致。pH 值稳定在 7 至 7.5 之间。由于人为模拟轻微的旱季和雨季周期，电导率会有所波动，但始终保持在 50µS/cm 以上。
Additional info: It’s a second hand tank, so the glass is scratched everywhere and permanently damaged at the front glass, making it blurry at some points.
补充信息：这是一个二手鱼缸，因此玻璃各处都有划痕，前侧玻璃更是永久性受损，导致部分区域视野模糊。
A similar tank was working for five years and all his content was moved to this one recently instead of moving the whole aquarium.
一个类似的鱼缸曾运行了五年，最近将其中的所有生物转移到了这个鱼缸中，而非搬迁整个水族箱。
INFORMATION ABOUT BIOTOPE
关于生物群落的信息
Description of the area surrounding the biotope: Lake Inle is a polymictic lake located in the southern Shan State in Myanmar, 420 kilometers northeast of Yangon and is surrounded by rice fields, forests, peat swamps and the Shan Hills. It is the second largest lake in the country after the Indawgyi. The region is a large and flat valley, which is surrounded by the small mountain ranges Letmaunggwe, Thandaung et Udaung at the west and the highest Sindaung at the east, all part of the western border of the Shan Hills. The lake is feed by 17 rivers from the east and 12 rivers from the west. Kalaw and Indein/Balu enter the lake through large swampy deltas. An important part of the alluvial bassin of the Inle was one or several larger and deeper lakes before the end of the last Ice Age. The Thanlwin river is the only outlet, flowing south of the Inle. The lake is shallow (less than 5m of dept) and flat. It’s lenght is stable at 25-26km while the width decrease with time. Annandale measured 6.4 km in 1918 while now it is less than 5 km. The surface of the lake is aproximatly of 150km² with only 50km² of free water due to numerous floating islands. Some islands are natural, formed from entangled floating weeds but the people of the lake, the inthas, have domesticated this phenomenon and have created floating gardens where they cultivate tomatoes, eggplants and decorative flowers. The lake was once considered oligotrophic since it’s water come mostly from peat swamps. Once in the lake, after dissolving the limestone of it’s bottom the water become neutral and rich in minerals and carbon, but still nitrogen and phosphorus depleted and crystal clear. One fouth of the fishes found in the lake are endemic but with very similar cousins living all around Myanmar. In the lake’s environement, fishes have usually larger eyes and no barbels compared to species from the surounding area. The lake is also exeptionally rich in gastropods with dozens of present or subfossile species. Now the lake is eutrophic with turbid water. Yet crystal clear water can still be seen in some streams, pools and spings on it’s margins. I choose to recreate one of this sanctuaries.
生物群落周边区域描述：茵莱湖是位于缅甸掸邦南部的多型态湖泊，地处仰光东北 420 公里处，四周环绕着稻田、森林、泥炭沼泽和掸邦丘陵。它是该国仅次于因道基湖的第二大湖。该区域是一片广阔平坦的谷地，西侧被莱特蒙格韦、坦达乌和乌达乌等小型山脉环绕，东侧则为最高的辛达乌山，这些山脉均属于掸邦丘陵的西缘边界。湖泊由东部 17 条河流和西部 12 条河流补给。卡拉威和因丁/巴卢通过大型沼泽三角洲汇入湖中。在末次冰期结束之前，茵莱湖冲积盆地的重要部分曾是一个或多个更大更深的湖泊。萨尔温江是唯一的外流河道，流经茵莱湖以南。湖水浅（深度不足 5 米）且地势平坦。其长度稳定在 25 至 26 公里之间，而宽度则随时间逐渐缩小。安南代尔于 1918 年测得湖宽为 6.4 公里，如今已不足 5 公里。湖面总面积约为 150 平方公里，但由于众多漂浮岛屿的存在，仅有约 50 平方公里为开阔水域。 有些岛屿是自然形成的，由缠绕漂浮的水草构成；而湖上的居民——茵达族人则将这一现象加以驯化，建造出浮岛花园，在其中种植番茄、茄子和观赏花卉。该湖曾被视为贫营养型湖泊，因为其水源主要来自泥炭沼泽。湖水流入湖中后，溶解了湖底的石灰岩，水质变为中性，富含矿物质和碳，但氮和磷仍然匮乏，清澈如晶。湖中四分之一的鱼类为特有种，但在缅甸各地均有与其极为近似的亲属物种。与周边地区的同类相比，湖中的鱼类通常眼睛更大且无须。该湖的腹足类动物也异常丰富，现存及亚化石物种多达数十种。如今，该湖已富营养化，水体浑浊。然而，在其边缘的一些溪流、水潭和泉眼中，仍可见到清澈如晶的水体。我选择重现其中一处这样的庇护所。
Description of the underwater landscape of the biotope: The submerged landscape of the lake Inle itself is dominated by floating islands, herbarium of plants like Ceratophyllum demersum and small bushes of Nitella flexilis planted in clear, silty mud. The surounding area seems very diverse but with few to no pictures available on the internet. My tank was inspired by videos posted by Marli Mote Sate from springs close to lake Inle, where the vegetation is dominated by amphibious species like Rotala rotundifolia. The hardscape is made both of mineral elements like limestone blocks and wood, probably both living roots and dead trees. The substrate is similar to fine grey or reddish silt, patroled by crabs and snails. The water is cristal clear, mostly still, full of schools of small fishes.
生物群落水下景观描述：茵莱湖本身的水下景观以漂浮岛屿为主，生长着狐尾藻（Ceratophyllum demersum）等水生植物标本馆，以及在清澈淤泥中种植的小型轮叶黑藻（Nitella flexilis）灌丛。周边区域看似非常多样，但互联网上几乎找不到相关图片。我的水族箱灵感来源于 Marli Mote Sate 发布的靠近茵莱湖的泉水视频，其中植被以两栖物种如圆叶节节菜（Rotala rotundifolia）为主。硬景由石灰岩块和木材构成，可能同时包含活树根与枯木。底质类似于细腻的灰色或红褐色淤泥，常有螃蟹和螺类出没。水质晶莹剔透，基本静止，充满成群的小型鱼类。
Description of the parameters of the habitat: The temperature of the water is stable most of the year at 27-28°C with a big drop to 18-20°C in november and a smaller drop to 23-24 in april. Chemical parameters are chaotic due to the duality between the acidic peat water and the karstic nature of the Shan Hills. The conductivity can swing from 50 to 150 µS/cm and the pH from 6.5 to 9.
栖息地参数描述：水温全年大部分时间稳定在 27–28°C，11 月会大幅下降至 18–20°C，4 月则小幅降至 23–24°C。由于酸性泥炭水与掸邦高原喀斯特地貌特性之间的双重影响，化学参数变化无常。电导率可在 50 至 150 µS/cm 之间波动，pH 值则在 6.5 至 9 之间变化。
List of fishes and invertebrates occurring in the nature biotope: Fish:
该自然生境中出现的鱼类和无脊椎动物名录：鱼类：
Anabas testudineus 攀鲈
Balitora sp. 巴尔托拉鳅属（Balitora sp.）
Barbonymus gonionotus 银鲃
Celestichthys erythromicron
红微鲤（Celestichthys erythromicron）
Channa harcourtbutleri 哈氏鳢
Channa striata 线鳢
Chaudhuria caudata 尾鳍乔杜里鱼（Chaudhuria caudata）
Clarias cf. batrachus
Clarias gariepinus
Ctenopharyngodon idella
Cyprinus intha 茵莱鲤
Cyprinus rubrofuscus 红褐鲤
Devario kakhienensis
Devario sp.
Esomus danrica 丹氏长颌鱼（Esomus danrica）
Gambusia affinis
Garra gravelyi 格拉氏墨头鱼
Glossogobius cf. giuris 似吉氏舌塘鳢
Glyptothorax granosus
Glyptothorax rugimentum
Gymnostomus horai 霍氏裸口鱼
Heteropneustes fossilis 异鳃鲶（Heteropneustes fossilis）
Inlecypris auropurpureus
金紫茵莱鲤（Inlecypris auropurpureus）
Labeo rohita 罗氏野鲮
Lepidocephalichthys berdmorei
伯氏鳞头鳅（Lepidocephalichthys berdmorei）
Mastacembelus caudiocellatus
尾斑刺鳅（Mastacembelus caudiocellatus）
Mastacembelus oatesii 奥氏刺鳅（Mastacembelus oatesii）
Microrasbora rubescens 红尾微鳅
Monopterus cuchia 大刺鳅
Monopterus javanensis 爪哇黄鳝
Neolissochilus nigrovittatus
黑带新唇鲮
Notopterus notopterus 驼背鱼
Oreochromis niloticus 尼罗罗非鱼
Oryzias uwai 乌氏青鳉
Parambassis lala 拉氏副双边鱼
Parambassis ranga 恒河副双边鱼
Pethia stoliczkana
Petruichthys brevis 短佩特鲁鱼
Physoschistura rivulicola
Physoschistura shanensis
Poecilia reticulata 孔雀鱼
Poropuntius schanicus 掸邦波鱼
Puntius cf. sophore
Puntius sophore
Sawbwa resplendens 彩艳锯腹鱼
Schistura sp. 南鳅属（未定种）
Silurus burmanensis 缅甸鲇
Systomus cf. rubripinnis
似红鳍无须魮
Systomus compressiformis
压形无须魮
Trichogaster labiosa 厚唇毛足鲈
Trichopodus pectoralis 丝足鲈
Crustaceans: 甲壳类动物：
Caridina annandalei 安氏米虾
Caridina cf. babaulti ‘Green’
拟巴氏米虾“绿”型
Caridina williamsi 威廉氏米虾
Inlethelphusa acanthica 棘足茵莱蟹
Macrobrachium assamense assamense
阿萨姆沼虾阿萨姆亚种
Macrobrachium naso 鼻沼虾
Macrobrachium peguense 勃固沼虾
Macrobrachium platyrostris
宽吻沼虾
Shanphusa browneana
Shanphusa curtobates
Moluscs: 软体动物：
Brotia henriettae
Brotia herculea 赫氏布罗田螺
Cipangopaludina lecythis
丽瓶螺
Cipangopaludina lecythoides
类丽瓶螺
Gabbia alticola 高栖加比螺
Galba bowelli 波氏小泡螺
Gyraulus convexiculus 凸旋螺
Gyraulus euphraticus 幼发拉底旋螺
Gyraulus parvus 小旋螺
Helicorbis umbilicalis 脐螺（Helicorbis umbilicalis）
Hippeutis capitis 头扁蜷螺（Hippeutis capitis）
Hydrobioides avarix 贪婪河螺（Hydrobioides avarix）
Hydrobioides nana 矮小河螺（Hydrobioides nana）
Hydrobioides nassa 纳萨水螺
Hydrobioides turrita 塔形水螺
Indoplanorbis exustus 印度扁卷螺
Lymnaea laticallosa 宽缘椎实螺
Lymnaea physcus 尖膀胱螺
Melanoïdes tuberculata 瘤拟黑螺
Mieniplotia scabra 粗糙织纹螺
Paludomus ornata 饰纹沼螺
Parabithynia physcus
Pettancylus baconi
Pila scutata
Polypylis calathus
Racesina luteola
Radix andersoniana
Taia naticoides
Taia theobaldi
Trochorbis trochoideus
List of plants found in the nature biotope: Adiantum edgeworthii
在自然生境中发现的植物列表：Adiantum edgeworthii
Aldrovanda vesiculosa 囊泡貉藻
Alisma plantago-aquatica
泽泻
Ammannia baccifera 节节菜
Arundinella decempedalis
十节芒
Azolla pinnata 细叶满江红
Cephalanthus occidentalis
西方头花树
Ceratophyllum demersum 金鱼藻
Cladium mariscus jamaicense
牙买加莎草
Colocasia esculenta 芋
Cyperus cyperoïdes 莎草
Cyperus digitatus 指状莎草
Cyperus sp. « Sha-pya »
莎草属「Sha-pya」
Dichrocephala integrifolia
Echinochloa crus-pavonis
Eclipta alba
Elephantopus spicatus
Eryngium foetidum 刺芹
Eriocaulon quinquangulare
五棱谷精草
Eichhornia crassipes
Elodea canadensis 加拿大伊乐藻
Fimbristylis aestivalis 夏飘拂草
Fimbristylis dichotoma 二歧飘拂草
Gahnia javanica 爪哇菅草
Hippuris vulgaris 普通杉叶藻
Hedychium coronarium 姜花
Hydrilla verticillata 轮叶黑藻
Hydrocotyle sp.
Hygrophila auriculata 耳叶水蓑衣
Hypericum japonicum 地耳草
Ipomoea aquatica 蕹菜
Lasia spinosa 刺芋
Lemna minor 小浮萍
Lemna trisulca 品藻
Machaerina sp. « Sha-lone »
莎草属（马夏里纳）« Sha-lone »
Limnophila indica 印度石龙尾
Ludwigia octovalvis 八瓣丁香蓼
Ludwigia repens 匍匐丁香蓼
Lythrum salicaria 千屈菜
Mariscus cyperoides 莎草状荸荠
Monochoria hastata 梭鱼草
Monochoria vaginalis 雨久花
Myriophyllum verticillatum
轮叶狐尾藻
Najas graminea 草茨藻
Najas tenuis 纤细茨藻
Nelumbo nucifera 莲
Nitella flexilis 狐尾藻
Nymphaea nouchali 蓝星睡莲
Nymphaea pubescens 白睡莲
Nymphoïdes hydrophylla 水鳖
Nymphoides indica
Ottelia alismoides 水车前
Phragmites communis 芦苇
Phragmites karka 卡卡芦苇
Phyla nodiflora 节节菜
Plantago major 车前草
Polygonum aviculare 萹蓄
Polygonum plebeium 习见蓼
Potamogeton alpinus 眼子菜
Potamogeton crispus 菹草
Potamogeton lucens 光叶眼子菜
Potamogeton nodosus 节状眼子菜
Potamogeton obtusifolius
钝叶眼子菜
Potamogeton perfoliatus 穿叶眼子菜
Rotala rotundifolia 圆叶节节菜
Ruppia maritima 大叶藻
Sagittaria sagittifolia 慈姑
Sagittaria trifolia 野慈姑
Salix tetrasperma 四子柳
Schoenoplectiella supina
矮扁莎
Schoenoplectus lacustris
Salvinia cucullata
Spirodela polyrrhiza 多根紫萍
Stuckenia pectinata
Thelypteris interrupta 间断鳞毛蕨
Typha angustifolia 狭叶香蒲
Utricularia aurea 黄花狸藻
Utricularia australis 狸藻属南方狸藻
Utricularia gibba 挖耳草
Vallisneria sp. 苦草属
Veronica anagallis-aquatica
水婆婆纳
Xanthium strumarium 苍耳
Threats to the ecology: The aquarium setup is chosen to give Sawbwa resplendens a lot of spawning media. They lay sticky eggs to the Nymphoides leaves wich are easy to cut and move to an incubation tank. This unique cypriniform is endemic to the lake Inle and is threatened by human activities and the introduction of alien species like the predatory Nile Tilapia. Siltification, floating island expansion, increasing turbidity and runaway growth of peat are also slowly chewing on the lake’s margins, while overfishing and the massive use of pesticides represent a direct impact on fish populations. One species, Systomus compressiformis, may have already disapeared. The snails from the genius Brotia are often exported world-wide for aquarists. Sadly most of them dont survive the shipment or die within months. This tank contain a collection of very young Brotia herculea wich mothers died in a fishstore shortly after giving birth. I hope to find the proper diet and care to ensure no more capture will be needed to sustain the hobby in future.
生态威胁：该水族箱的布置旨在为 Sawbwa resplendens 提供大量产卵介质。它们将黏性卵产在 Nymphoides 叶片上，这些叶片易于剪下并移至孵化缸。这种独特的鲤形目鱼类为茵莱湖特有种，正受到人类活动以及引入的外来物种（如掠食性的尼罗罗非鱼）的威胁。淤积、浮岛扩张、浊度增加以及泥炭的失控生长也在缓慢侵蚀湖泊边缘，而过度捕捞和农药的大量使用则直接冲击鱼类种群。其中一个物种，Systomus compressiformis，可能已经消失。Brotia 属的螺类常被出口至世界各地供水族爱好者饲养。遗憾的是，其中大多数在运输途中无法存活，或在数月内死亡。此缸中饲养着一群非常年轻的 Brotia herculea，它们的母亲在鱼店分娩后不久便死亡。我希望找到合适的饲料与养护方法，以确保未来无需再捕获野生个体来维持这一爱好。
本文部分素材来自网络，如有类似请联系修改，如若转载，请注明出处：http://www.yangyubang.com/?p=3080
