Volume: 145 L 水体容积：145 升
Dimensions: 86x41x52 cm 尺寸：86×41×52 厘米
List of fishes: Nannostomus marginatus, Hemigrammus bleheri, Paracheirodon axelrodi, Hyphessobrycon bentosi
鱼类名录：细身铅笔鱼（Nannostomus marginatus）、布氏半线脂鲤（Hemigrammus bleheri）、阿氏霓虹脂鲤（Paracheirodon axelrodi）、本托氏魮脂鲤（Hyphessobrycon bentosi）
List of plants: – 植物列表：–
Description of decorations: Used driftwood of various types in shape and color resemble those that are represented in a natural biotope. Vertical driftwood emphasize that a flooded forest is depicted. To simulate leaf litter, the leaves of Psidium guajava were used. Leaves on the surface are equipped with floats. The basis of the soil is ADA Amazonia, on top is a layer of a mixture of various sand inert to water.
装饰描述：使用了多种形状和颜色的沉木，以模拟自然生境中的样貌。垂直放置的沉木突出了被淹没森林的场景。为模拟落叶层，采用了番石榴（Psidium guajava）的叶片；水面上的叶片配有浮标。底床基础为 ADA Amazonia 水草泥，其上覆盖一层由多种惰性沙子混合而成的表层。
Description of equipment: External filter JBL CristalProfi e902 – 2 pcs, LED spotlight 10 W. – 3 pcs.
设备描述：外置过滤器采用 2 台 JBL CristalProfi e902，照明使用 3 盏 10 瓦 LED 射灯。
Water parameters: Temperature – 25-26°C, pH – 6.5, gH – 1-1.5.
水质参数：温度 25–26°C，pH 值 6.5，总硬度（gH）1–1.5。
Additional info: The aquarium is the realization of a long-held dream of creating a perfect home for cardinal tetras. It is amazing how much new is revealed in the behavior of fish when conditions are close to natural!
补充信息：该水族箱实现了长久以来的梦想——为宝莲灯鱼打造一个完美的家园。令人惊叹的是，当环境条件接近自然时，鱼类的行为会展现出如此多的新特征！
INFORMATION ABOUT BIOTOPE
关于生物群落的信息
Description of the area surrounding the biotope: The biotope is a classic black-water flooded area of the forest during the rainy season in the Rio Unini Nature Reserve (Barcelos, Amazonia). Such places here are called “Igapo” and they occupy up to 11% of the reserve. Igapo are seasonally flooded with fresh water, sometimes trees can be sunk for up to six months. At a height of 20-25 meters, the crowns of trees cover the water surface by more than a third, which contributes to the formation of dusk. Many fish rush into the flooded areas of the forest, find abundant food here and begin to breed.
生物群落周边区域描述：该生物群落位于乌尼尼河自然保护区（巴西亚马逊地区巴塞洛斯），是雨季期间森林中典型的黑水淹没区。此类区域在当地被称为”伊加波”（Igapó），约占保护区总面积的 11%。伊加波会季节性被淡水淹没，树木有时会被浸泡长达六个月。在 20-25 米的高度，树冠遮蔽了超过三分之一的水面，从而促成昏暗环境的形成。许多鱼类涌入这些被淹没的森林区域，在此觅得丰富食物并开始繁殖。
Description of the underwater landscape of the biotope: In the Igapo forests, rivers and streams lie on beds of sandy, acidic soils, the nutrient content of which is minimal, which, coupled with a low-oxygen environment, negates the growth of aquatic plants. But local fish are known for their undemanding oxygen content. In addition, the color and acidity of water are caused by acidic organic humic substances that dissolve in water. In dark water, saturated with tannins and covered with the crowns of trees, flocking fish are distinguished by bright, light stripes or spots. The joint finding of the flock is supported by a kind of “light signals” that make it possible to find each other even with a small amount of light. It is thanks to such biological features that many fish in tropical rainforests have acquired a bright color, wandering in packs between the roots, sunken snag and flooring from fallen leaves. Aquarists would have recognized here primarily cardinal tetra and Rhodostomus. This aquarium was created for them.
生物群落的水下景观描述：在伊加波森林中，河流与溪流流经沙质酸性河床，其养分含量极低，加之低氧环境，抑制了水生植物的生长。但当地鱼类以对氧气需求不高而著称。此外，水的颜色与酸度源于溶解于水中的酸性有机腐殖质。在富含单宁、被树冠遮蔽的深色水域中，群游鱼类以明亮的浅色条纹或斑点为特征。鱼群的聚集依赖于一种“光信号”，使其即使在微弱光线下也能彼此定位。正是凭借这些生物学特性，热带雨林中的许多鱼类演化出鲜艳的色彩，穿梭于树根、沉木与落叶层之间。水族爱好者在此首先会认出宝莲灯鱼和头尾灯鱼。本水族箱正是为它们而设。
Description of the parameters of the habitat: Water is clear, “black”, saturated with tannins, temperature ranges from 24-28 degrees, pH 3.5-4.0, oxygen concentration at the level of 2-3 mg/l, electrical conductivity in the region of 18-30 μS/cm.
栖息地参数描述：水质清澈，呈“黑水”状，富含单宁；水温介于 24-28 摄氏度之间，pH 值为 3.5-4.0，溶解氧浓度为 2-3 毫克/升，电导率约为 18-30 μS/cm。
List of fishes and invertebrates occurring in the nature biotope: Symphysodon Discus, Paracheirodon axelrodi, Nannostomus unifasciatus, Nannostomus eques, Hemigrammus sp., Dicrossus filamentosus, Apistogramma mendezi, Poecilocharax weitzmani, Crenicichla notophthalmus, Crenicichla marmorata, Hemigrammus rhodostomus, Hemigrammus vorderwinkleri, Hemigrammus analis, Nannostomus marginatus.
自然生境中出现的鱼类和无脊椎动物名录：Symphysodon Discus（七彩神仙鱼）、Paracheirodon axelrodi（阿氏霓虹脂鲤）、Nannostomus unifasciatus（一线铅笔鱼）、Nannostomus eques（三线铅笔鱼）、Hemigrammus sp.（魮脂鲤属未定种）、Dicrossus filamentosus（丝状笛鲷）、Apistogramma mendezi（门氏短鲷）、Poecilocharax weitzmani（魏氏拟唇齿鱼）、Crenicichla notophthalmus（无眼矛丽鱼）、Crenicichla marmorata（大理石矛丽鱼）、Hemigrammus rhodostomus（红鼻剪刀）、Hemigrammus vorderwinkleri（温氏魮脂鲤）、Hemigrammus analis（肛斑魮脂鲤）、Nannostomus marginatus（边缘铅笔鱼）。
List of plants found in the nature biotope: No aquatic plants.
自然生境中发现的植物名录：无水生植物。
Threats to the ecology: If the threat from fishing is controversial, especially in the reserve, then the destruction of the Igape forest habitats is threatened due to human activities. The greatest threat to igapó forests is the construction of hydroelectric dam on tributaries of the Amazon River; during the construction of the dam, they will divert a huge amount of water and dramatically change the hydrology of the Amazon basin and its ecosystems. Since many types of flora in seasonally flooded forests are well adapted to a specific flood schedule, changes in flood patterns and the creation of permanently flooded areas will cause higher tree mortality rates. Deforestation is also a big conservation problem, because the Igapo forests are characterized by slow tree growth due to the low nutrient content in the soil and the high acidity of the soil. Despite the low availability of nutrients, Igapo and other floodplain forests can be biodiversity with some partially endemic species. Due to the chemical composition of the soil and seasonal flooding, trees and other resources tend to grow more slowly after harvesting by people than in other types of Amazonian forests. Accordingly, Igapo forests cannot withstand logging. It is worth considering that in the reserve where the simulated biotope is located, the risk of an aggravation of the ecological situation is lower than in other similar places.
生态面临的威胁：如果说捕捞带来的威胁尚存争议（尤其是在保护区内），那么伊加佩森林栖息地正因人类活动而遭受破坏。伊加波森林面临的最大威胁是亚马逊河支流上水电站大坝的建设；在大坝建设过程中，大量水流将被改道，从而剧烈改变亚马逊流域的水文状况及其生态系统。由于季节性泛滥森林中的许多植物种类已很好地适应了特定的洪水周期，洪水模式的改变以及永久性淹没区的形成将导致树木死亡率上升。森林砍伐也是一个重大的保护问题，因为伊加波森林的土壤养分含量低且酸度高，导致树木生长缓慢。尽管养分可利用性较低，伊加波森林及其他洪泛区森林仍可能拥有丰富的生物多样性，并包含一些部分特有种。受土壤化学成分和季节性泛滥的影响，在被人类采伐后，树木及其他资源的恢复速度往往比亚马逊地区其他类型的森林更慢。 因此，伊加波森林无法承受砍伐。值得注意的是，在模拟生物群落所在的保护区内，生态状况恶化的风险低于其他类似地区。
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