印尼旱季的拉赫塔武库杜斯河原生缸造景 19年第50名

Volume: 160 L  容积：160 升
Dimensions: 100×40×40 cm  尺寸：100×40×40 厘米
List of fishes: rasbora argyrotenia, barbodes binotatus, nemachilus fasciatus, crustacea, poecilia reticulata, channa gachua, sulchospira testudinaria, parathelphusa convexa
鱼类名录：银斑波鱼（rasbora argyrotenia）、双点无须魮（barbodes binotatus）、带纹条鳅（nemachilus fasciatus）、甲壳类、孔雀鱼（poecilia reticulata）、月鳢（channa gachua）、龟形螺（sulchospira testudinaria）、凸腹溪蟹（parathelphusa convexa）
List of plants: murdannia sp, vesicularia dubyana, cyperus rotundus, ipomoea aquatica forsk, colocasia esculenta, microsorum pteropus, floscopa, ceratophillum demersum
植物名录：水竹叶属（murdannia sp.）、莫斯（vesicularia dubyana）、香附子（cyperus rotundus）、蕹菜（ipomoea aquatica forsk.）、芋头（colocasia esculenta）、细叶铁皇冠（microsorum pteropus）、水禾属（floscopa）、金鱼藻（ceratophillum demersum）

Description of decorations: the material used in this aquarium is collected directly from the margins of the rahtawu river such as rocks, sand, wood, plants, fish, along with the water source. Brown sand is formed from rock rock eroded by heavy water currents. the purpose of collecting raw materialsto make a copy of the underwater river Rahtawu ecosystem to resemble the design and ecosystem of the river
造景说明：本水族箱所用材料均直接采集自拉赫塔武河（Rahtawu River）河岸，包括岩石、沙子、沉木、水草、鱼类以及水源本身。棕色沙粒由受强劲水流侵蚀的岩石形成。采集这些原材料的目的在于复刻拉赫塔武河的水下生态系统，使其设计与生态尽可能贴近真实河流。

Description of equipment: water filtration using DIY amara filter canister 1500L / h with biological media. assisted by amara 1000L / h for the effects of heavy current. while the lighting used is 70 watts led 6500k smd strip
设备描述：采用自制的 Amara 过滤桶进行水过滤，流量为 1500 升/小时，填充生物滤材；另配一台流量为 1000 升/小时的 Amara 水泵以营造强劲水流。照明使用 70 瓦、色温 6500K 的 SMD LED 灯带。
Water parameters: odorless aquarium water with turbidity level of 1.71NTU, temperature 23 ° c, DHL 290, TDS 185 and PH 5.7. the water is slightly acidic because all the components in the aquarium are taken from the riverbank
水质参数：水族箱水体无异味，浊度为 1.71 NTU，温度 23°C，DHL 290，TDS 185，pH 5.7。水体呈弱酸性，因为水族箱内的所有组件均取自河岸。
Additional info: water replacement 2 weeks 40% use the same water source as the river, the room temperature can be low because of the hillside area .
补充信息：每两周换水 40%，水源与河流相同；由于地处山坡区域，室温可能较低。

INFORMATION ABOUT BIOTOPE
关于生物群落的信息

Description of the area surrounding the biotope: Rahtawu River is upstream from the Gelis River. and empties into the river wedung demak. The rahtawu river is located in a green valley surrounded by hills with an altitude of 1,627mpl. the river area is the northwest part of Kudus Regency, Central Java, Indonesia. located in the coordinates -6.6630131, 110,858,643. the water flowing into the rahtawu river comes from the accumulation of water deposits produced from the roots of trees in muria mountain slope forests that pass rocky slopes and gather together in the rahtawu river valley.
生物栖息地周边环境描述：拉赫塔武河（Rahtawu River）是格利斯河（Gelis River）的上游，最终汇入德马克的韦敦河（Wedung River）。拉赫塔武河位于海拔 1,627 米的绿色山谷中，四周群山环绕。该河流域位于印度尼西亚中爪哇省古突士县（Kudus Regency）西北部，地理坐标为 -6.6630131, 110.858643。流入拉赫塔武河的水源来自穆里亚山（Muria Mountain）坡森林中树木根系所蓄积的水分，这些水流经岩石坡面后汇聚于拉赫塔武河谷。
Rahtawu river flows between the cliff slopes formed by hot lava flows from Mount Muria thousands of years ago. forming very natural rock slopes. making the winding river winding and the cave formed by rock due to erosion from the heavy flow of water. big rock and solots of small stone relics of mountain muria are active in the past …
拉赫塔武河蜿蜒流淌于数千年前穆里亚山熔岩流所形成的陡峭崖壁之间，塑造出极具自然风貌的岩坡。湍急的水流侵蚀岩石，形成曲折的河道与天然洞穴；河中散布着巨大的岩石以及大量源自昔日活跃穆里亚山的小型石质遗迹。

Description of the underwater landscape of the biotope: the length of the rahtawu river is approximately 25 kilometers, with a water depth of 30 — 160cm in its basin during the dry season. with the shape of the mountain slope region causing heavy water currents. a lot of weathered wood that sinks and drifts away. various types of plants and half waterfloat on the banks of the river. and there are several types of algae that grow on rocks due to exposure to sunlight and the large amount of water flow ..
该生物群落水下景观描述：拉赫塔武河全长约 25 公里，旱季时河床水深介于 30 至 160 厘米之间。受山地斜坡地形影响，水流湍急；大量风化沉木随波漂流或沉落水底。河岸两侧生长着多种植物，部分半浮于水面；岩石表面因阳光照射及充沛水流而附着多种藻类。

Description of the parameters of the habitat: the parameters of the natural habitat are slightly acidic. with ph 4.79 it is caused by the forest area through which water reaches the river. the water temperature during the dry season during the day reaches 23 ° c and 14 ° c at night
栖息地参数描述：该自然栖息地水质呈微酸性，pH 值为 4.79，此特性源于流经森林区域后汇入河流的水源。旱季期间，日间水温可达 23°C，夜间则降至 14°C。

List of fishes and invertebrates occurring in the nature biotope: in the upstream waters this river has a wide variety of species during the dry season such as rasbora argyrotaenia with large amounts of swimming against the flow. whereas barbodes binotatus eats moss that grows on rocks. nemachilus fasciatus, crustachea, channa gachua, parathelphusa convexahiding between rocks and sometimes revealing himself. while poecilia reticulata swims on the banks of the river choosing calm currents. there are some senegalensis ischnura larvae hiding in the sand ready to wait for their prey to indicate that the water in their habitat is clean and decent adrink other living things. many testudinaria sorcospes attached to rocks add to their wild effects
自然生境中出现的鱼类和无脊椎动物名录：在旱季，该河上游水域物种丰富多样，例如大量逆游的银带波鱼（Rasbora argyrotaenia）；而双斑无须魮（Barbodes binotatus）则以岩石上生长的苔藓为食。带纹花鳅（Nemachilus fasciatus）、甲壳类、月鳢（Channa gachua）以及凸腹拟溪蟹（Parathelphusa convexa）常藏身于石缝间，偶尔现身。孔雀鱼（Poecilia reticulata）则沿河岸活动，偏好缓流区域。一些塞内加尔细蟌（Ischnura senegalensis）的幼虫潜伏于沙中，静候猎物，这表明其栖息水质清洁适宜，可供其他生物饮用。众多附着于岩石上的 Testudinaria sorcospes 更增添了荒野气息。

List of plants found in the nature biotope: the riverside plants are ipomoea aquatica forsk, colocasia esculenta, cyperus rotundus, murdannia, marsilea, lemna sp, floscopa, eichhornia crassipes, ceratophillum demersum which can be found along the river flow. and many vesicularia dubyana, selaginela willdenowii ,microsorum pteropus, grows on the slopes of a river that is surrounded by water from the roots of a large tree on a cliff ..
自然生境中发现的植物名录：河岸植物包括蕹菜（Ipomoea aquatica Forsk.）、芋（Colocasia esculenta）、香附子（Cyperus rotundus）、水竹叶属（Murdannia）、蘋属（Marsilea）、浮萍属（Lemna sp.）、水禾属（Floscopa）、凤眼莲（Eichhornia crassipes）及金鱼藻（Ceratophyllum demersum），这些植物沿河流分布。此外，大量爪哇莫丝（Vesicularia dubyana）、威尔登卷柏（Selaginella willdenowii）和铁线蕨状微囊蕨（Microsorum pteropus）生长于河岸斜坡，此处被悬崖上一棵大树的根系所环绕并浸于水中。

Threats to the ecology: I made the biotope aim to tell the community that the habitat under the river is very good. It is very regrettable that until it breaks, recently the surrounding community often catches fish with dangerous tools such as stun and poison. which results inreduced biota in the river. for example, the late homaloptera fish are very rare and almost extinct. Homaloptera fish, including fish protected number 1 in Indonesia, used to have many of these fish attached to river rocks. this is due to human activities that are less environmentally friendly,
生态面临的威胁：我构建这个生物缸，旨在向社区传达河底栖息地原本非常优良。令人遗憾的是，直至今日，周边居民仍频繁使用电击、投毒等危险工具捕鱼，导致河中生物量锐减。例如，晚归平鳍鳅（Homaloptera）已极为罕见，几近灭绝。这种鱼类位列印度尼西亚一级保护动物，过去常大量附着于河床岩石上。此现状源于人类活动缺乏环保意识。
hopefully with the example of a small natural imitation the community can maintain this beautiful river again
期望通过这个微缩的自然仿真实例，能让社区重新守护这条美丽的河流。