巴西巴塞洛斯附近森林溪流原生缸造景 22年54名

Volume of aquarium: 54 liters
水族箱容积：54 升

Dimensions of aquarium: 60x30x30 cm
水族箱尺寸：60x30x30 厘米

List of fishes: Paracheirodon axelrodi
鱼类名录：Paracheirodon axelrodi

List of plants: –  植物名录：–

Description of Decorations and Substrate: The substrate is made of fine sand and covered with leaves, leaf litter, branches and driftwood.
装饰与底质描述：底质由细沙构成，表面覆盖落叶、枯枝层、树枝及沉木。

Description of Equipment: The filtration is based on Juwel “Bioflow One” with waterflow about 300 L/h. The lighting of aquarium is based on Juwel “PrimoLux” (1x4w). A heater of 50w cares for the temperature.
设备描述：过滤系统采用 Juwel”Bioflow One”，水流量约为 300 升/小时。水族箱照明使用 Juwel”PrimoLux”（1×4 瓦）。配备一台 50 瓦加热棒以维持水温。

Water Parameters:   水质参数：
Temperature: 25°C  温度：25°C
ph: 6,8  pH 值：6.8
gh: 4  总硬度（GH）：4
kh: 3  碳酸盐硬度（KH）：3

Additional Info: Weekly water change of 15%
附加信息：每周换水 15%

Description of the Area Surrounding the Biotope: The Rio Negro, which means “the black river,” is the largest tributary of the North Bank of the Amazon River. The total length of the Negro River is 2550-2252.6km, the drainage area is 620000 square kilometers, the annual average flow is 30000 cubic meters / second, the average annual runoff depth is 1600mm, and the suspended load concentration is 0.007 kg / m3. The Rio Negro is a seasonal river in the sense that it has fairly predictable seasonal fluctuations in water level during most years. It begins raining earlier in the lower Rio Negro drainage than in its upper reaches. The rainiest months in the lower Rio Negro are between December and May, whereas in the middle course they are between March and July. The river course twists and turns. As you move deeper into the dense ‘terra firme’ forest you can find many small shallow rivers or forest streams, also known locally as an ‘igarapé’, slowly flowing through the dense forest. There is a presence of overhanging riparian vegetation and many fallen leaves and twigs on the ground. You can hear many birds singing in the background. One of the small tributaries is barcelos, located near Barcelona. It is located deep in the Amazon rainforest. It is covered with rain and needs to be rowed in by boat.
生物栖息地周边环境描述：内格罗河（Rio Negro，意为“黑河”）是亚马逊河北岸最大的支流。内格罗河全长 2550–2252.6 公里，流域面积 62 万平方公里，年均流量 3 万立方米/秒，年均径流深度 1600 毫米，悬浮物浓度仅为 0.007 千克/立方米。内格罗河是一条季节性河流，其水位在大多数年份都呈现出相当可预测的季节性波动。内格罗河下游地区的雨季开始时间早于上游地区。下游最湿润的月份为 12 月至次年 5 月，而中游则为 3 月至 7 月。河道蜿蜒曲折。随着深入茂密的“高地森林”（terra firme），可以发现许多浅小的河流或林间溪流，当地称之为”igarapé”，它们缓缓流淌于浓密丛林之中。河岸上方植被垂挂，地面遍布落叶与枯枝。背景中可听见众多鸟类的鸣唱。 其中一个名为巴瑟洛斯（Barcelos）的小支流，位于巴塞罗那附近。它深藏于亚马逊雨林之中，常年被雨水覆盖，必须乘船划行才能抵达。

Description of the Underwater Landscape of the Biotope: The Rio Negro and its many tributaries are stained by humic acids or compounds due to immense layers of leaves and twigs. Igarapés are characterised by thick, often overhanging, riparian vegetation and substrates covered in fallen branches, tree roots and leaf litter. Therefore it has its unique dark color, ranging from light brown to almost entirely black. The tropical sun is streaming in through the canopy just to light up a few places in the water. The water is shallow, less than 1 meter in most places, and the bottom is thoroughly covered with leaf litter. The sheer density of fish is therefore incredible. It’s also likely that just a few dozen kilometers further down there is another igarapé that contains a completely different set of species from the previous one, and often including species not found anywhere else in the Amazon. It happens that igarapés are extremely diverse in aquatic fauna and very distinct from one another.
生物群落水下景观描述：内格罗河及其众多支流因堆积如山的落叶与枯枝释放出的腐殖酸或相关化合物而呈现深色。伊加拉佩（igarapés）的特征是茂密且常悬垂于水面的河岸植被，以及铺满倒伏树枝、树根和落叶层的底质。因此，其水体呈现出独特的暗色，从浅棕色到近乎纯黑不等。热带阳光透过树冠洒落，仅能照亮水中的零星区域。水深较浅，大多数地方不足 1 米，河床完全被落叶层覆盖。正因如此，鱼类的密度令人惊叹。此外，很可能仅在下游几十公里处，另一条伊加拉佩便栖息着与前一条完全不同的物种组合，其中往往包含亚马逊其他地区未曾发现的特有物种。事实上，各条伊加拉佩的水生动物群极为多样，彼此之间差异显著。

Description of the Habitat Parameters: The conductivity is somewhere between 8-10 µS/cm. The pH ranges from about 3.6-5.8, depending on the exact site and time of the year. The water temperature in the rainy season is about 26.5-28°C. In the dry season the water temperature is about 28.5-30°C.
栖息地参数描述：电导率介于 8-10 µS/cm 之间。pH 值约为 3.6-5.8，具体取决于确切地点和一年中的时间。雨季的水温约为 26.5-28°C。旱季的水温约为 28.5-30°C。

List of Fishes and Invertebrates Occurring in the Nature Biotope:
自然生物群落中出现的鱼类和无脊椎动物列表：
Paracheirodon axelrodi
Hemigrammus bleheri
Hyphessobrycon pyrrhonotus
Prionobrama filigera
Crenuchus spilurus
Nanostomus eques
Nannostomus beckford  贝氏细脂鲤
Poecilocharax weitzmani  韦氏珠母丽鱼
Liosomadoras oncinus  豹纹拟鲇
Dicrossus filamentosus  丝状棋盘鱼
Crenicichla notophthalmus
Mesonauta festivus

List of Plants Found in the Nature Biotope: –
自然生境中发现的植物列表：–

Threats to the Ecology of the Biotope: There are many threats to the Amazon rainforest, like goldmining, hydroelectric dams and agriculture, which cause massive deforestations and endangering the lives of local populations.
该生境的生态威胁：亚马逊雨林面临诸多威胁，如金矿开采、水电站大坝和农业活动，这些导致了大规模的森林砍伐，并危及当地居民的生存。