Volume of aquarium: 54 L
水族箱容积：54 升
Dimensions of aquarium: 60*30*30 cm
水族箱尺寸：60*30*30 厘米
List of fishes: Boraras Brigittae.
鱼类名录：Boraras brigittae。
List of plants: Eleocharis sp.
植物名录：Eleocharis sp.
Description of Decorations and Substrate:Light sand was used as the soil, with the probable ingress of grains of sand of greater value, which does not affect the water parameters. Variegated light tones observations in natural conditions in a modified biotope. Most sands were used to simulate the bed of a stream – DECOTOP Atoyac 1-2 mm, DECOTOP Roanoke 2-5 mm. To form the superiority of promotional materials. They also play the role of a biofilter. Also checks are removed DECOTOP Jackfruit S, DECOTOP Catappa S, plants of these genera are found in the natural biotope. A small amount of DECOTOP Bambusa S imitates the small leaves of shrubs. Used old sunken driftwood with bark, they do not have a massive outer bacterial film.
装饰与底质描述：使用浅色沙子作为底床，其中可能混入少量粒径较大的沙粒，但这不影响水质参数。在经改造的生物缸中，观察到与自然环境中相似的斑驳浅色调。大部分沙子用于模拟溪流河床——采用 DECOTOP Atoyac（1-2 毫米）和 DECOTOP Roanoke（2-5 毫米）。为突出展示效果，还添加了 DECOTOP Jackfruit S 和 DECOTOP Catappa S 叶片，这些属的植物在原生生物群落中确实存在。少量 DECOTOP Bambusa S 用于模仿灌木的小型叶片。使用了带有树皮的老旧沉木，其表面未形成厚重的细菌膜。
Description of Equipment: Aquael Pat mini до 400 l/h , Aquael LED Lighting 8W , Aquael Fix 2 50W .
设备描述：Aquael Pat mini 过滤器（流量最高 400 升/小时）、Aquael LED 照明灯（8 瓦）、Aquael Fix 2 加热棒（50 瓦）。
Water Parameters:Soft water kH 0, gH 2; acidic, pH 6. temperature 25-26°C.
水质参数：软水，碳酸盐硬度（kH）为 0，总硬度（gH）为 2；酸性，pH 值为 6；温度 25–26°C。
Low mineralization of water is achieved by using water from a reverse osmosis filter.
通过采用反渗透过滤水，实现了水的低矿化度。
Additional Info:Changes are made once a week, 20% each, fish are sensitive to water quality, but do not like sudden changes. The amount of accumulated organic matter in the water in the aquarium is checked by tests.
附加信息：每周进行一次换水，每次更换 20%。鱼类对水质敏感，但不喜欢突然的变化。通过测试来检查水族箱中水中积累的有机物含量。
Description of the Area Surrounding the Biotope:
生物群落周边区域描述：
Such streams flow under the canopy of a tropical peat-bog forest located in the south of the island of Borneo.
此类溪流流经婆罗洲岛南部的热带泥炭沼泽森林树冠之下。
This biotope was formed under the influence of factors such as high temperatures and a large amount of total precipitation, due to which plant remains (fallen leaves, branches, ground grasses) cannot quickly decompose, as they are flooded with water. This creates a peat bog. Soils are poor in minerals and have a very acidic reaction (pH 4 and below). Despite the difficult conditions of existence, a large number of diverse plants grow in the peat swamp forests of Borneo. Basically, they have very dense, leathery leaves that prevent excessive evaporation of moisture in the dry season. The water supply of such soils is exclusively rain, but even in the dry season, peat remains waterlogged, and puddles remain among the trees. During the rainy season, streams fill with water, the current increases, and particles of suspension appear in the water.
该生物群落的形成受到高温和大量总降水量的影响，导致植物残体（落叶、树枝、地表草本）因长期被水淹没而无法快速分解，从而形成了泥炭沼泽。这里的土壤矿物质贫乏，且呈强酸性反应（pH 值在 4 及以下）。尽管生存条件严苛，婆罗洲的泥炭沼泽森林中仍生长着种类繁多、形态各异的植物。这些植物通常具有厚实且革质的叶片，以防止旱季时水分过度蒸发。此类土壤的水源完全依赖雨水，但即便在旱季，泥炭层依然保持积水状态，树木之间也常有水洼存留。到了雨季，溪流水量充盈，流速加快，水中还会出现悬浮颗粒。
These forests are home to a huge number of animals. Despite difficult fish habitats, the Borneo peat swamp forests are home to a wide variety of fish, many of which are endemic to the island of Borneo.
这些森林是众多动物的家园。尽管鱼类的栖息环境十分艰难，婆罗洲的泥炭沼泽森林却孕育了种类繁多的鱼类，其中许多为该岛的特有物种。
Description of the Underwater Landscape of the Biotope: Due to the large number of falling leaves, the water takes on the color of tea, and is saturated with humic acids and tannins, and also has a low pH. In places where debris is carried away by the current, you can see a light sandy bottom, tree roots, and fallen branches. And where there is some light coming through the canopy, water plants such as Cryptocoryne cordata var. grabowskii, mosses, ferns, as well as Eleocharis sp., which, apparently, was once introduced from rice plantations. These plants are flooded during the rainy season and continue to live under water. But there are no plants growing under water on a permanent basis, as water refracts and retains light. In backwaters with little or no current, Salvinia molesta can be found floating on the surface, but it is a dangerous invasive species, as it can drag the entire surface of the reservoir.
生物群落水下景观描述：由于大量落叶，水体呈现茶色，富含腐殖酸和单宁，pH 值较低。在碎屑被水流冲走的地方，可见浅色沙质底床、树根和倒伏的树枝。而在树冠透入些许光线的区域，则生长着诸如心形隐棒草变种（Cryptocoryne cordata var. grabowskii）、苔藓、蕨类以及荸荠属植物（Eleocharis sp.），后者似乎是从稻田引入的。这些植物在雨季被淹没，并继续在水下生存。然而，没有任何植物能永久性地在水下生长，因为水体会折射并阻挡光线。在几乎无水流或静水的回水区，水面可发现大薸（Salvinia molesta）漂浮，但它是一种危险的入侵物种，可能覆盖整个水库表面。
Description of the Habitat Parameters:The water is colored in light brown tones, but transparency is preserved. During the rainy season (November-February), the amount of precipitation always exceeds the amount of evaporation. In water, the number of small particles increases, and it becomes less transparent. Since the swamps are fed exclusively from rains, and the peat layer isolates mineral deposits, the values of kH 0 gH 0-1 , pH 3-5, depending on the amount of precipitation. pH 5.5, TDS 5-7 ppm were recorded by a local resident, in a place remote from the Martapura settlement.
栖息地参数描述：水体呈浅棕色，但依然保持透明。在雨季（11 月至次年 2 月），降水量始终超过蒸发量。此时水中悬浮微粒增多，透明度降低。由于沼泽完全依赖雨水补给，且泥炭层隔绝了矿物沉积，因此水质参数为：kH 0、gH 0-1、pH 3-5（具体数值视降水量而定）。一位当地居民在远离马塔普拉（Martapura）聚居区的一处地点测得 pH 值为 5.5，TDS 为 5-7 ppm。
List of Fishes and Invertebrates Occurring in the Nature Biotope: Rasbora einthovenii, Betta edithae, Boraras merah, Borars brigittae. Limnonectes paramacrodon, Chalcorana raniceps.
自然生境中存在的鱼类与无脊椎动物名录：Einthoven 波鱼（Rasbora einthovenii）、伊迪丝斗鱼（Betta edithae）、红眼小鲃（Boraras merah）、布里吉特小鲃（Boraras brigittae）、参大颌蛙（Limnonectes paramacrodon）、大头赤蛙（Chalcorana raniceps）。
List of Plants Found in the Nature Biotope: Salvinia molesta (introduced) , Cryptocoryne cordata var. grabowskii , Eleocharis sp (introduced), Pelia sp. Stenochlaena palustris, Terminalia catappa, Artocarpus heterophyllus.
自然生境中发现的植物名录：大薸（Salvinia molesta，引入种）、心叶水榕变种格拉博夫斯基型（Cryptocoryne cordata var. grabowskii）、针蔺属（Eleocharis sp.，引入种）、羽苔属（Pelia sp.）、沼泽柳叶蕨（Stenochlaena palustris）、榄仁树（Terminalia catappa）、波罗蜜（Artocarpus heterophyllus）。
Threats to the Ecology of the Biotope:
该生境面临的生态威胁：
The peat swamp forests of Borneo are subject to negative human influence, and today are under the threat of degradation and extinction. Deforestation, development of land for agriculture and, as a result, fires. Fish are also threatened by poaching and habitat destruction by locals.
婆罗洲的泥炭沼泽森林正遭受人类活动的负面影响，如今面临着退化乃至灭绝的威胁。森林砍伐、农业用地开发以及由此引发的火灾频发。鱼类也因当地人的偷捕和栖息地破坏而受到威胁。
Human use of peatlands is usually associated with the drainage of peat through artificial channels. This is usually done to make the land more suitable for agriculture or habitation, and to have loggers transport timber from the forest to processing stations along the rivers. The worst example of development is the failed Mega Rice Project of the mid-1990s, which aimed to drain 1 million hectares of peatlands in Central Kalimantan and turn them into rice plantations. Large-scale fires are now frequent in this region, destroying the remaining forests and wildlife, along with new agricultural land. Peat forests are particularly vulnerable to fires and produce the most carcinogenic haze of any forest type, due to the release of large amounts of fine particulate matter. This caused serious health problems associated with smog. They have had a severe negative impact on the livelihoods of people in the area.
人类对泥炭地的利用通常涉及通过人工渠道排水。此举旨在使土地更适宜农业耕作或居住，并方便伐木者将木材从森林沿河流运至加工站。最糟糕的开发案例是 20 世纪 90 年代中期失败的“百万公顷稻米计划”，该计划试图排干中加里曼丹 100 万公顷的泥炭地并将其改造为水稻种植园。如今，该地区大规模火灾频发，不仅摧毁了残存的森林和野生动物，也破坏了新开辟的农田。由于释放大量细颗粒物，泥炭森林特别容易发生火灾，并产生所有森林类型中致癌性最强的雾霾，导致与烟雾相关的严重健康问题。这对当地居民的生计造成了严重的负面影响。
Felling is usually carried out selectively – the most valuable tree species are cut down. At the same time, mechanical disturbances occur in the community, and the plant composition of the forest often changes. When felling one of the most valuable species – Gonystylus bancanus – its natural renewal is disturbed. Gonystylus bancanus has been assessed as critically endangered on the IUCN Red List. The species is also threatened by habitat loss due to the development of palm oil plantations.
砍伐通常是有选择性地进行的——最有价值的树种被砍倒。与此同时，群落中会发生机械性干扰，森林的植物组成也常常随之改变。当砍伐最具价值的物种之一——Gonystylus bancanus 时，其自然更新过程会受到破坏。该物种已被 IUCN 红色名录评估为极危。此外，由于棕榈油种植园的扩张导致栖息地丧失，该物种也面临威胁。
Peat swamp forests are very important for the conservation of a number of endangered primate species. But among the wide variety of different animals, fish show the greatest endemicity of peat bogs. The peat bogs of Southeast Asia are home to a variety of miniature fish, such as Paedocypris progenetica, the smallest known vertebrate. And Betta persephone, Betta miniopinna and Betta spilotogena are listed as endangered on the IUCN Red List as a result of habitat loss.
泥炭沼泽森林对于保护多种濒危灵长类动物至关重要。然而，在种类繁多的各类动物中，鱼类在泥炭沼泽中表现出最高的特有性。东南亚的泥炭沼泽是多种微型鱼类的家园，例如已知最小的脊椎动物 Paedocypris progenetica。而由于栖息地丧失，Betta persephone、Betta miniopinna 和 Betta spilotogena 已被列入 IUCN 红色名录，列为濒危物种。
For Boraras Brigittae, the biggest damage is caused by uncontrolled fishing for commercial sale, as well as habitat destruction by local residents who set up diamond mines on their own. It is in South Kalimantan that the largest Chempaka Mine is located, bordering on the habitat of Boraras Brigittae.
对于波拉斯·布里吉塔鱼（Boraras brigittae）而言，最大的危害来自于为商业销售而进行的无节制捕捞，以及当地居民私自开设钻石矿所导致的栖息地破坏。南加里曼丹省拥有最大的 Chempaka 矿，该矿区与波拉斯·布里吉塔鱼的栖息地接壤。
Despite ongoing reforestation efforts, many animal species are endangered. But, if warm-blooded animals and other terrestrial animals can be preserved in nature reserves and zoos, then less attention is paid to fish. Many species have not yet been described, and may already disappear. Aquarium is not only beauty in the house, but also the opportunity to save some species in collections. I created this aquarium in order to create the best conditions for Boraras Brigittae, so that later I would try to breed them. The more fish will be artificially propagated, and the more people will keep them, the less chance of losing this species.
尽管持续的植树造林工作正在进行，许多动物物种仍濒临灭绝。然而，如果恒温动物和其他陆生动物能在自然保护区和动物园中得到保护，鱼类却往往受到较少关注。许多物种尚未被科学描述，便可能已经消失。水族箱不仅是家中的美景，更是通过人工饲养保存某些物种的机会。我创建这个水族箱，旨在为波拉斯·布里吉塔鱼（Boraras brigittae）提供最佳生存条件，以便日后尝试繁殖它们。人工繁育的鱼越多，饲养它们的人越多，该物种灭绝的风险就越低。
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