噶尼喀湖的浅水岩石栖息地原生缸造景 22年30名

olume of aquarium: 160L  水族箱容积：160 升

Dimensions of aquarium: 81X45X45 cm
水族箱尺寸：81×45×45 厘米

List of fishes: Neolamprologus brichardi, Neolamprologus leleupi
鱼类名录：Neolamprologus brichardi、Neolamprologus leleupi

List of plants: NA  植物名录：无

Description of Decorations and Substrate: I used 55 kg of rock in total that I collected from nature in my design. I placed the rocks in accordance with the simple visions of rock structure of the region. As N. brichardi and N.leleupi use rock caverns as breeding nests by their very nature, this is what I paid attention to most in my design.The rocks were large in the upper parts, smaller and flat in the middle and medium in size in the lower parts.My aim is to make the fish lay eggs between the rocks that look like caves in the middle parts of the aquarium and make the offspring feel safer in this area.When positioning the rocks in this area, I planned to make the light coming from the surface cut off in the middle area and make the fish feel safe in the dim light.The rocks I used on the ground were used to give the appearance of small fragments that were detached from the large rocks in the lake.Since there is a small amount of sand in the habitat, I obtained silica sand from a mine that has the closest appearance to the sand I saw in the visuals.
装饰与底质描述：我在设计中总共使用了 55 公斤从自然界采集的岩石。我按照该区域岩层结构的简单构想来布置这些岩石。由于 N. brichardi 和 N. leleupi 天生会利用岩洞作为繁殖巢穴，因此我在设计时特别注重这一点。上部的岩石较大，中部较小且扁平，下部则为中等尺寸。我的目标是让鱼在水族箱中部形似洞穴的岩石间产卵，并使幼鱼在此区域感到更安全。在布置这一区域的岩石时，我计划让来自水面的光线在中部区域被遮挡，使鱼类在昏暗的光线下感到安全。地面所使用的岩石旨在呈现湖中从大岩体脱落的小碎块外观。由于该栖息地中沙量较少，我从一处矿山获取了硅砂，其外观与我于影像资料中所见的沙最为接近。

Description of Equipment: Filtration:EHEIM professionel 3 1200XLT
设备描述：过滤系统：EHEIM professionel 3 1200XLT
Heater: EHEIM thermopreset 150 (Backside of the rocks)
加热棒：EHEIM thermopreset 150（置于岩石背面）
Lightning: 3 pics. Of LEDS1400 tubes, 6500 Kelvin, Blue/ White lightning. 1 9W Spot.
照明：3 张图片。展示 LEDS1400 灯管，色温 6500K，蓝/白光模拟闪电效果。另配 1 盏 9W 射灯。

Water Parameters: Ph: 8.2-8.4, Temp: 26°C, Electrical Conductivity:680 μS, GH:14, KH:11 in addition Nitrate: 5- 15 ppm and Nitrite: 0 ppm.
水质参数：pH 值 8.2–8.4，温度 26°C，电导率 680 μS，总硬度（GH）14，碳酸盐硬度（KH）11；此外，硝酸盐浓度为 5–15 ppm，亚硝酸盐浓度为 0 ppm。

Additional Info:   附加信息：

Aquarium video:  水族箱视频：

https://disk.yandex.ru/i/8iio_KFnp7eVpw

Description of the Area Surrounding the Biotope: Tanganyika Lake in East Africa, one of the Great African Lakes, located in the East African rift zone. The lake is divided among four countries, Tanzania, Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC), Burundi, and Zambia. It covers an area of 34400 km², is the longest freshwater lake in the world and the deepest African lake. The lake is located at an altitude of 773m above sea level. The average depth is 570 m, while the maximum reaches 1435m. The lake is located in the tropical climate zone. The average annual rainfall is 200mm. Average annual temperature is around 20°C. Bulu Point is located in Tanzania on the eastern shore of the lake (5 ° 27’42 “S, 29 ° 44’50” E). The described biotope is located in the zone of Litoral.
生物栖息地周边环境描述：坦噶尼喀湖位于东非，是非洲大湖之一，地处东非裂谷带。该湖分属四个国家：坦桑尼亚、刚果民主共和国（DRC）、布隆迪和赞比亚。湖面面积达 34,400 平方公里，是世界最长的淡水湖，也是非洲最深的湖泊。湖面海拔 773 米，平均水深 570 米，最大水深达 1,435 米。该湖位于热带气候区，年均降水量为 200 毫米，年平均气温约为 20°C。布卢角（Bulu Point）位于坦桑尼亚境内，处于湖泊东岸（南纬 5°27′42″，东经 29°44′50″）。所述生物栖息地位于沿岸带（Litoral 区）。

Description of the Underwater Landscape of the Biotope: The shallow rocky habitat consists of sandy bottom with numerous rocks which provide shelter for the species-rich community. The rocky part can cover up to three quarters of the sandy bottom. The most important characteristic is the gradual inclination of the bottom. The biocover on the rocks is usually overlaid with a thin layer of fine sand. There is no real depth restriction for this habitat, but it is most heavily populated between 5 and 40 meters. The intermediate habitat harbors the most species rich communities of the lake. The Lamprologini tribe contains seven genera and nearly 100 species of African Cichlids, most of which are found in Lake Tanganyika, though a few species are found in the Congo River Basin and one species in the Malagarasi River in Tanzania. The Neolamprologus genus is the largest genus of cichlids in Lake Tanganyika, containing 50 or so species. The fish in this genus are all closely related but they are split between “shell dwellers” and “rock dwellers”, yet all are substrate spawners. This genus is also the largest group in the tribe Lamprologini. N. leleupi is collected from several locations along both the east and west coasts of the lake, particularly from Bulu Point, Tanzania, Bemba and Zaire. Not all lineups are orange or yellow. Even though the yellowish orange variant is significantly more abundant in the lake, two other color morphs are not infrequently seen occupying the same habitats: silvery-beige and brownish-black. The Daffodil Cichlid, Neolamprologus pulcher (previously Lamprologus pulcher) was described by Trewavas and Poll in 1952. These fish are endemic to Lake Tanganyika, Africa and are widespread in the southern part of the lake. They are found along the rocky coastlines of the countries of Burundi, the Democratic Republic of the Congo, Tanzania, and Zambia. There are a number of different geographical varieties. The variety known as the “Daffodil” is very popular and is found along the steep rocky slopes of Kantalamba and Kambwimba.
坦噶尼喀湖东岸布卢角浅水岩石栖息地生物缸：水下景观描述：该浅水岩石栖息地由沙质底部和众多岩石构成，这些岩石为物种丰富的群落提供庇护。岩石区域可覆盖沙质底部的四分之三。其最显著的特征是底部呈 gradual 倾斜。岩石表面的生物覆盖层通常覆有一层细沙。该栖息地并无严格的深度限制，但在 5 至 40 米水深范围内种群最为密集。这一过渡性栖息地孕育了湖泊中物种最丰富的群落。Lamprologini 族包含七个属及近 100 种非洲慈鲷，其中绝大多数分布于坦噶尼喀湖，少数几种见于刚果河流域，另有一种分布于坦桑尼亚的马拉加拉西河。Neolamprologus 属是坦噶尼喀湖中最大的慈鲷属，包含约 50 个物种。该属鱼类亲缘关系密切，但分为“贝居型”和“岩居型”两类，且均为底床产卵者。此属也是 Lamprologini 族中最大的类群。N. 勒卢普慈鲷（leleupi）采集于坦噶尼喀湖东岸和西岸的多个地点，尤其是坦桑尼亚的布卢角（Bulu Point）、本巴（Bemba）和扎伊尔。并非所有品系都呈橙色或黄色。尽管橙黄色变种在湖中数量最为丰富，但另外两种色型——银米色和棕黑色——也常出现在相同的栖息地中。水仙慈鲷（Neolamprologus pulcher，旧称 Lamprologus pulcher）由特雷瓦瓦斯（Trewavas）和波尔（Poll）于 1952 年描述。该鱼种为非洲坦噶尼喀湖的特有种，广泛分布于湖泊南部区域，见于布隆迪、刚果民主共和国、坦桑尼亚和赞比亚等国的岩石海岸线。存在多种不同的地理变种。其中被称为“水仙”的变种非常受欢迎，分布于坎塔兰巴（Kantalamba）和坎布温巴（Kambwimba）陡峭的岩坡地带。

Description of the Habitat Parameters: The water of Lake Tanganyika is very basic and its pH varies between 8.6 and 9.5. Due to the high algae photosynthesis on the water surface, there is a low concentration of carbon dioxide and the pH is slightly higher. Total hardness is 11-17 dH, carbonate hardness is 16-19 dH. Water is mostly clear, the water is rich in oxygen at the first 40 meters. The water temperature on the surface varies between 24.5 degrees C and 27.5 degrees C.
栖息地参数描述：坦噶尼喀湖的水质呈强碱性，pH 值介于 8.6 至 9.5 之间。由于水面藻类光合作用旺盛，二氧化碳浓度较低，导致 pH 值略高。总硬度为 11-17 dH，碳酸盐硬度为 16-19 dH。水体大多清澈，前 40 米水深内氧气丰富。水面温度介于 24.5°C 至 27.5°C 之间。

List of Fishes and Invertebrates Occurring in the Nature Biotope: Ctenochromis horei, Cyathopharynx sp. aff. Foae, Cyprichromis microlepidotus, Eretmodus marksmithi, Gnathochromis pfefferi, Julidochromis regani, Neolamprologus furcifer, Lobochilotes labiatus, Neolamprologus modestus, Neolamprologus Pulcher, Neolamprologus savoryi, Perissodus microlepis, Neolamprologus tretocephalus, Petrochromis ephippium, Tropheus sp. Black, Tropheus annectens, Tropheus sp. Black, Altolamprologus compressiceps, Neolamprologus Brevis, Neolamprologus Similis, Tanganicodus irsacae.
自然栖息地中出现的鱼类和无脊椎动物名录：Ctenochromis horei、Cyathopharynx sp. aff. Foae、Cyprichromis microlepidotus、Eretmodus marksmithi、Gnathochromis pfefferi、Julidochromis regani、Neolamprologus furcifer、Lobochilotes labiatus、Neolamprologus modestus、Neolamprologus Pulcher、Neolamprologus savoryi、Perissodus microlepis、Neolamprologus tretocephalus、Petrochromis ephippium、Tropheus sp. Black、Tropheus annectens、Tropheus sp. Black、Altolamprologus compressiceps、Neolamprologus Brevis、Neolamprologus Similis、Tanganicodus irsacae。

List of Plants Found in the Nature Biotope: NA
自然栖息地中发现的植物名录：无

Threats to the Ecology of the Biotope: Lake Tanganyika is under threat like lots of other habitats of the world. I want to inform you about the danger of sedimentation in Tanganyika. Because my biotope is a heavily sedimented area. Sedimentation pollutes water, prevents natural vegetation from growing and kills fish. Sedimentation is a consequence of deforestation of the surrounding area. Deforestation is mostly done by humans like everything bad to nature. In defrostated areas eroded sediments are carried in to lake and pollute narrow shore line where species are living, this situation is like a death trap to species because they can’t move down to depths, there is no oxygen and they can’t move up, they are already close to shore so only thing to do for them just to be extinct. As a result some regions lost their diversity more than 150 years ago. Solution to prevent danger of sedimentation is frustration of lands around lakes, especially hill type shores.
该生物栖息地生态面临的威胁：坦噶尼喀湖正面临威胁，如同世界上许多其他栖息地一样。我想告知各位坦噶尼喀湖所面临的沉积物淤积风险，因为我的生物栖息地正是一个严重受沉积物影响的区域。沉积物会污染水质、阻碍自然植被生长并导致鱼类死亡。沉积物淤积是周边地区森林砍伐的后果。而森林砍伐大多由人类造成，正如一切对自然的破坏行为一样。在森林被砍伐的区域，侵蚀产生的沉积物被带入湖中，污染物种赖以生存的狭窄沿岸带；这种状况对物种而言犹如死亡陷阱——它们无法向深水区迁移（那里缺乏氧气），也无法向上游移动（因已紧邻岸边），唯一的结局便是灭绝。因此，一些区域早在 150 多年前就已丧失了其生物多样性。防止沉积物淤积危害的解决方案是对湖泊周边土地（尤其是丘陵型岸坡）进行固土护坡。